Upper Mustang /Lo Manthang Trek
Trek to the ancient walled city of Lo Manthang in the rain-shadow kingdom of Lo.
Trek Overview
What is the Upper Mustang Trek?
The Upper Mustang Trek is one of Nepal's most extraordinary journeys — a restricted-area passage into the ancient Tibetan kingdom of Lo Manthang, a high desert plateau on the border with Tibet that remained closed to foreign visitors until 1992. AltiPro's 12-day itinerary flies from Pokhara to Jomsom and then treks north through the dramatic Kali Gandaki canyon and the arid, wind-carved landscapes of Mustang to the walled medieval city of Lo Manthang at 3,840 metres — the last remaining intact Tibetan-style walled city in the world. The Upper Mustang is a Tibetan cultural landscape preserved in Nepal — ancient gompa monasteries, cave dwellings carved into cliffs, chortens, mani walls, and the traditional Loba people whose culture has changed little over five centuries.
AltiPro's trek is fully guided with all Upper Mustang restricted area permits, personal porter for each trekker, all teahouse accommodation and meals, the Jomsom return domestic flight, and a licensed guide with Upper Mustang expertise. Maximum 12 trekkers. Rated Easy — moderate altitude and gentle gradients make this accessible to a wide range of trekkers while delivering an entirely unique cultural and landscape experience.
About Lo Manthang and Upper Mustang
Lo Manthang is the capital of the former Kingdom of Lo — a semi-independent Tibetan Buddhist kingdom that persisted within Nepal's borders for centuries, maintaining distinct customs, architecture, dress, and governance. The walled city contains four primary monasteries — Jampa Lhakhang, Thugchen Gompa, Namgyal Gompa, and Chodey Gompa — and the royal palace, all within the medieval walls. Annual festivals including Tiji Festival (late spring) and Yartung festival (August) are among the most vivid expressions of Tibetan Buddhist culture in Nepal.
The landscape of Upper Mustang is dramatically different from Nepal's forested green valleys. The geological formations of the Kali Gandaki canyon — coloured cliff layers, wind-sculpted hoodoos, and ancient Mustang caves carved into the cliff faces — make the approach to Lo Manthang one of the most visually striking trekking routes in Asia.
Why Choose AltiPro Adventures for the Upper Mustang Trek?
All Restricted Area Permits
AltiPro holds all required Upper Mustang restricted area permits — the USD 500 per 10-day permit that is mandatory for all foreign visitors — included in the package price with no hidden costs.
Upper Mustang Expert Guide
The guide assigned to the trek has specific Upper Mustang experience — knowledge of monastery access protocols, festival dates, the Kak Nikhola cave painting site at Chhosar, and the cultural heritage of Lo Manthang's Loba community.
12 Days to Explore Fully
The 12-day itinerary gives enough time to explore Lo Manthang itself — the monasteries, the royal palace, and the city walls — plus the side trip to Chhosar village and the ancient Tibetan cave paintings at Kak Nikhola.
Personal Porter for Each Trekker
Every trekker has a dedicated personal porter. AltiPro maintains above-market wage standards, insurance, and proper equipment for all porters throughout the restricted zone route.
Year-Round Accessibility
Upper Mustang's rain-shadow plateau is one of the few trekking regions in Nepal accessible during the monsoon — the plateau stays dry while the rest of Nepal is in heavy monsoon rainfall. AltiPro operates the trek across all four seasons.
Festival Timing Options
AltiPro can time departures to coincide with the Tiji Festival in Lo Manthang (late spring) — one of the most spectacular Himalayan Buddhist festivals — or the Yartung horse festival in August.
Upper Mustang Trek — 12-Day Route Overview
The route flies to Jomsom, enters the restricted zone at Kagbeni, and follows the Kali Gandaki canyon north through increasingly arid landscape to Lo Manthang, returning via the alternative eastern route through the red cliffs of Dhakmar.
Days 1–2: Pokhara → Jomsom (2,720m) → Kagbeni
Domestic flight from Pokhara to Jomsom in the Kali Gandaki valley. Trek north to Kagbeni — the official entry point to the Upper Mustang restricted zone — where the permit check takes place and the distinctive Upper Mustang landscape begins.
Days 3–5: Kagbeni → Chele → Syangboche → Ghami
The canyon walls close in above Kagbeni as the trail climbs into the wind-blasted heart of Mustang. Coloured cliff layers, wind-sculpted rock formations, and the remains of ancient cave dwellings mark the stages north — a landscape more Tibet than Nepal.
Days 6–8: Ghami → Charang → Lo Manthang (3,840m)
The walled city of Lo Manthang appears across the plateau — its white walls, red monastery rooftops, and the Himalayan border peaks behind it. Two days at Lo Manthang allow exploration of the four monasteries, the royal palace, and the optional day trip to Chhosar cave paintings.
Days 9–12: Descent via Dhakmar → Jomsom → Pokhara
Descent follows the alternative eastern route through the dramatic red cliffs and ochre badlands of Dhakmar for variety before returning to Jomsom for the domestic flight back to Pokhara.
How Difficult is the Upper Mustang Trek?
The Upper Mustang Trek is rated Easy. The altitude is moderate (mostly 3,000 to 4,000m) and the gradient is generally gentle throughout. The main physical demand is the wind that channels through the Kali Gandaki canyon, particularly in the afternoon. No technical skills are required.
Best Season for the Upper Mustang Trek
Spring (April–May): Excellent — late spring coincides with the Tiji Festival in Lo Manthang, one of the most spectacular Himalayan Buddhist festivals. Clear skies and comfortable temperatures.
Monsoon (June–August): Unique to Upper Mustang — the rain-shadow plateau stays largely dry while the rest of Nepal is in heavy monsoon. Fewer crowds and the Yartung horse festival in August.
Autumn (October–November): The clearest and most comfortable months — ideal mountain views and settled conditions throughout the plateau.
Upper Mustang Trek Cost
Fully guided Upper Mustang circuit — all restricted area permits, Jomsom flight, teahouse accommodation, meals, guide, and personal porter included.
Includes Upper Mustang Restricted Area Permit (USD 500/10 days), ACAP permits and TIMS, Pokhara–Jomsom domestic return flight, all teahouse accommodation and meals on trek, licensed guide with Upper Mustang expertise, and personal porter for each trekker. International flights and personal gear are not included. Contact AltiPro for full pricing.
Upper Mustang Trek — Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about the Upper Mustang Trek with AltiPro Adventures.
Why does Upper Mustang require a special permit?
The Nepal government designates Upper Mustang as a restricted area to control visitor numbers and preserve the unique Tibetan Buddhist culture of Lo Manthang. The permit costs USD 500 per trekker for 10 days and is mandatory for all foreign visitors.
Is Lo Manthang worth the extra permit cost?
Unanimously yes among those who have visited. The walled medieval city, intact Tibetan Buddhist culture, ancient cave paintings, and the lunar landscape make Upper Mustang unlike any other trekking destination in Nepal.
How long is AltiPro's Upper Mustang Trek?
12 days including Pokhara–Jomsom domestic return flights and all trekking and exploration days within the restricted zone.
When is the best time to trek to Upper Mustang?
April and May for the Tiji Festival in Lo Manthang. October and November for the clearest weather. June through August is uniquely possible — the rain-shadow plateau stays dry while the rest of Nepal is in monsoon.
Can I visit Upper Mustang independently?
No. A licensed guide and the restricted area permit are both mandatory for all foreign visitors to Upper Mustang. AltiPro arranges both as part of the package.
What is the Tiji Festival?
Tiji is a three-day annual festival in Lo Manthang with elaborate masked dances performed by the monks of the city's monasteries, celebrating the defeat of a demon by the protector deity. It is one of the most spectacular events in the Himalayan Buddhist calendar.
What is accommodation like in Lo Manthang?
Lo Manthang has good teahouse accommodation with private rooms and adequate facilities. Accommodation elsewhere on the circuit is basic but functional teahouses.
Is the route affected by road construction?
The lower section between Jomsom and Kagbeni now has a road. AltiPro's itinerary uses the Jomsom flight to bypass this section and begins trekking from Kagbeni — the official restricted zone entry point — northward on the traditional trail.
Highlights
- Lo Manthang — The Ancient Walled City
- Jampa Lhakhang, Thubchen Gompa and Chodey Gompa
- Luri Gompa Cave Monastery
- Choser Sky Caves — Ancient Cliff Dwellings
- The Tiji Festival in Lo Manthang (May)
- Dhakmar Red Cliffs
- Ghami's Mani Wall and Ancient Monastery
- Taklam La Pass and the Mustang Plateau
Detailed Itinerary
Click on each day to view details
| Day | Program | Meals | Accom. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arrival in Kathmandu (1,350 m / 4,429 ft) | Dinner | Hotel | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Arrive in Kathmandu and transfer to your hotel. Welcome dinner and Upper Mustang Trek 2027 briefing with your AltiPro guide. Gear check and preparation for the days ahead.
2
|
Kathmandu — Permit Processing and Cultural Briefing |
Breakfast, Dinner |
Hotel |
|
| Full day in Kathmandu for Restricted Area Permit (RAP), ACAP, and TIMS Card processing. Comprehensive gear check and cultural briefing on Upper Mustang history, customs, and Lo Manthang. Free afternoon for personal preparations.
3
|
Fly Kathmandu to Pokhara (820 m / 2,690 ft) |
Breakfast, Dinner |
Hotel |
|
| Fly or drive from Kathmandu to Pokhara. Afternoon at leisure around Phewa Lake. Jomsom flight briefing in the evening. Pokhara offers stunning Annapurna and Machhapuchhre views on clear days.
4
|
Fly Pokhara to Jomsom (2,670 m) — Drive to Kagbeni (2,810 m / 9,219 ft) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Take the spectacular 20-minute mountain flight from Pokhara to Jomsom, landing in the wide Kali Gandaki valley. Drive or walk (2–3 hrs) north to Kagbeni, the medieval village at the confluence of Kali Gandaki and Kak Gad rivers. RAP permit check at the restricted zone entry post. The landscape immediately changes — ancient and dry, unmistakably Tibetan.
5
|
Trek Kagbeni to Chele (3,050 m / 10,007 ft) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Enter the restricted zone from Kagbeni and head north through narrowing valley walls of deepening ochre and red. Pass the dramatic cliff village of Chhusang at the confluence of the Kali Gandaki and Jhong rivers. Arrive at Chele (3,050 m), the first major stop inside the restricted zone, framed by ancient chortens. 5–6 hrs walking.
6
|
Trek Chele — Taklam La (3,624 m) — Syangboche (3,800 m / 12,467 ft) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Cross the first major high pass of the Upper Mustang trek, Taklam La (3,624 m), for the first true revelation of the Mustang plateau — vast, wind-shaped, extraordinary in colour and silence. Descend to Syangboche (3,800 m) set atop the plateau with grand views of the desolate landscape stretching toward Tibet. 6–7 hrs.
7
|
Trek Syangboche to Ghami (3,520 m / 11,549 ft) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Cross the plateau to Ghami (3,520 m), one of the most visually striking villages in Upper Mustang. Ghami is home to one of Mustang's longest mani walls — several hundred metres of carved prayer stones at the village edge. The local monastery contains old frescoes. Wind, clay architecture, and a community that has lived this way for centuries. 5–6 hrs.
8
|
Trek Ghami to Tsarang / Charang (3,560 m / 11,680 ft) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| One of the most culturally rich stops on the Upper Mustang trek — Tsarang (3,560 m) is dominated by a tall red dzong (fortress) rising above the village on the cliff edge. The large monastery holds impressive 15th-century wall paintings. The last major cultural hub before Lo Manthang. Anticipation builds here. 4–5 hrs.
9
|
Trek to Lo Manthang (3,840 m / 12,598 ft) via Lo La Pass (3,950 m) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Cross Lo La Pass (3,950 m) for your first sight of Lo Manthang spread across the plateau below — the whitewashed walls of the medieval capital glowing against the rust-red cliffs. Descend and enter through the main gate. Explore the central square, royal palace exterior, and first impressions of the walled city. 5–6 hrs.
10
|
Exploration Day in Lo Manthang (3,840 m) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Full day exploring Lo Manthang — Jampa Lhakhang (the oldest monastery in Mustang), Thubchen Gompa, Chodey Gompa, Namgyal Gompa, the five-storey royal palace, and the labyrinthine laneways of the old city. Optional morning hike to Luri Gompa cave monastery (45 min above Lo Manthang) for 14th-century mandala frescoes. Full cultural immersion.
11
|
Side Trip — Choser Sky Caves and Tingkhar Village |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| A full day of exploration beyond Lo Manthang. The Choser Sky Caves north of the city — a remarkable multi-storey complex of ancient cliff dwellings and an ancient gompa carved into the rock face. Continue to Tingkhar village, the last settlement before the Tibetan border, for a glimpse of the most remote community in Upper Mustang. Return to Lo Manthang.
12
|
Trek Lo Manthang to Yara (3,650 m) via Alternative Route |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Begin the return journey via a completely different route through the eastern valley, avoiding retracing the outward path. The trail to Yara (3,650 m) passes through different canyon landscapes with different perspectives on the plateau. Yara has a small but active Tibetan monastery. 5–6 hrs.
13
|
Trek Yara — Tangge — Dhakmar (3,820 m / 12,533 ft) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Trek through Tangge village and on to Dhakmar (3,820 m), home to one of the most iconic landscapes in all of Upper Mustang — the towering iron-red cliff walls rising above the small Tibetan village. The contrast of the rust-red rock against the blue sky and the whitewashed houses below is extraordinary. 6–7 hrs.
14
|
Trek Dhakmar — Chhusang (2,980 m) — Kagbeni (2,810 m) |
Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner |
Lodge |
|
| Descend through Chhusang and return to the restricted zone exit at Kagbeni (2,810 m). Final RAP permit checkpoint on exit. The last night inside the Mustang valley before returning to the wider world. 5–6 hrs.
15
|
Drive or Walk Kagbeni to Jomsom — Fly Jomsom to Pokhara |
Breakfast, Dinner |
Hotel |
|
| Transfer from Kagbeni to Jomsom by jeep (30 min) or on foot (2 hrs). Fly from Jomsom to Pokhara on the morning flight. Transfer to hotel. Celebration dinner in Pokhara — Upper Mustang Trek officially complete.
16
|
Drive or Fly Pokhara to Kathmandu |
Breakfast, Dinner |
Hotel |
|
| Return to Kathmandu by road or domestic flight. Farewell dinner in Kathmandu. Upper Mustang Trek completion certificate presented. Time for souvenir shopping and final preparations before departure.
17
|
Buffer Day — Jomsom Flight Delays or Tiji Festival Extension |
Breakfast |
Hotel |
|
| Buffer day built into the itinerary to accommodate Jomsom flight weather delays, which are common in mountain conditions. If your departure coincides with the Tiji Festival, this day may be used for extended Lo Manthang festival attendance. AltiPro monitors conditions and advises accordingly.
18
|
Buffer Day — Additional Reserve or Departure Preparation |
Breakfast |
Hotel |
|
| Second buffer day for any remaining contingencies. Use for Kathmandu sightseeing — Pashupatinath Temple, Boudhanath Stupa, Thamel, or the Tibetan markets at Swayambhunath. AltiPro can arrange a guided half-day cultural tour of Kathmandu on this day.
19
|
Final Departure from Kathmandu |
Breakfast |
— |
|
| Transfer to Tribhuvan International Airport for departure. AltiPro team sees you off. Journey home from one of Nepal's most extraordinary restricted-area treks. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Services
Includes
- ✅ RAP per-day fee for all days inside the restricted zone from Kagbeni — processed by AltiPro before departure
- ✅ Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP) and Trekkers Information Management System (TIMS) Card — both included and processed in Kathmandu
- ✅ Experienced, government-licensed English-speaking trekking guide for the full duration — mandatory per RAP permit regulation and provided by AltiPro
- ✅ All applicable government taxes and AltiPro company service charges included in the package price
- ✅ Private vehicle airport pick-up on arrival and drop on departure
- ✅ 4 nights in 5-star hotel in Kathmandu (bed and breakfast, single room) and 1 night hotel in Pokhara (bed and breakfast, single room)
- ✅ Welcome dinner in Kathmandu and farewell dinner in Pokhara or Kathmandu included
- ✅ Upper Mustang trek map, cultural guide booklet, and one AltiPro Adventures duffle bag per member
- ✅ Kathmandu to Pokhara domestic flight (or road transfer), Pokhara to Jomsom mountain flight (20 min), Jomsom to Pokhara return flight, private jeep Jomsom to Kagbeni and Kagbeni to Jomsom on return
- ✅ Porter support up to 15 kg per member from Kagbeni to Lo Manthang and return — all porter wages, salary, equipment, food, and clothing included
- ✅ Full board teahouse / guesthouse accommodation throughout the trek (twin rooms where available), 3 meals per day (breakfast, lunch, dinner), tea and coffee included with all meals
- ✅ 6-hourly weather forecast updates throughout the trek and comprehensive first aid medical kit carried by guide
- ✅ Emergency helicopter evacuation coordination with standby pre-arranged from Pokhara — AltiPro manages all logistics in the event of a medical emergency
- ✅ All Nepalese staff wages, insurance, equipment, food, and clothing fully covered by AltiPro Adventures
- ✅ AltiPro Adventures Upper Mustang Trek completion certificate presented on return to Kathmandu
Excludes
- ❌ International airfare to and from Kathmandu not included
- ❌ Nepalese visa fee (USD 125 for 90 days) — obtain on arrival at Tribhuvan International Airport or apply in advance
- ❌ Personal trekking gear, warm clothing, and boots — warm layers essential above 3,500 m, especially at night
- ❌ Soaps, shampoos, toilet paper, and personal hygiene products not included
- ❌ Lunches and dinners in Kathmandu and Pokhara beyond the included welcome and farewell dinners are at your own expense
- ❌ Extra hotel nights in Kathmandu or Pokhara beyond the included 4+1 nights — available to arrange at additional cost
- ❌ Hot showers and device charging at teahouses along the route are typically NPR 100–300 per use and paid directly at the lodge
- ❌ Alcoholic beverages, personal snacks, local Mustang apple brandy, and any other personal purchases not included
- ❌ Travel, medical, and helicopter rescue insurance — mandatory for all Upper Mustang Trek participants and arranged independently before arrival
- ❌ Tips for your trekking guide — minimum USD 80–100 per guide recommended per AltiPro guidelines
- ❌ Tips for porter support — minimum USD 50–80 per porter recommended per AltiPro guidelines
- ❌ A seasonal surcharge applies to departures timed to coincide with the Tiji Festival in Lo Manthang (late April/early May) — local festival entry fees may also apply
- ❌ Special filming permits, professional camera fees, and drone operation permits — required for commercial filming and arranged separately
- ❌ Additional costs arising from Jomsom flight cancellations due to weather, natural events, or other unforeseen circumstances not included
Gear Lists & Useful Information
Been on this trek?
Your feedback helps other travelers plan their adventure of a lifetime. Share your experience with us!
Ready to Start Your Trekking Adventure?
Contact us to book your trek or get more information